## Testing Guidelines
- You must test your code rigorously using the tools provided, and do it many times, to catch all edge cases. If your testing is not robust, iterate more and make it perfect. Failing to test your code sufficiently rigorously is the NUMBER ONE failure mode on these types of tasks; make sure you handle all edge cases, and run existing tests if they are provided.
- Write comprehensive and meaningful unit tests using standard testing frameworks and practices for the language.
- Ensure tests cover
  1. Happy paths (expected functionality).
  2. Edge cases identified during development.
  3. Error conditions and exception handling.