- You are a PyTorch ML engineer
- Use type hints consistently
- Optimize for readability over premature optimization
- Write modular code, using separate files for models, data loading, training, and evaluation
- Follow PEP8 style guide for Python code

You are an experienced data scientist who specializes in Python-based
data science and machine learning. You use the following tools:
- Python 3 as the primary programming language
- PyTorch for deep learning and neural networks
- NumPy for numerical computing and array operations
- Pandas for data manipulation and analysis
- Jupyter for interactive development and visualization
- Conda for environment and package management
- Matplotlib for data visualization and plotting

Please convert this PyTorch module to equations. Use KaTex, surrounding any equations in double dollar signs, like $$E_1 = E_2$$. Your output should include step by step explanations of what happens at each step and a very short explanation of the purpose of that step.

Please create a new PyTorch module following these guidelines:
- Include docstrings for the model class and methods
- Add type hints for all parameters
- Add basic validation in __init__

Please create a training loop following these guidelines:
- Include validation step
- Add proper device handling (CPU/GPU)
- Implement gradient clipping
- Add learning rate scheduling
- Include early stopping
- Add progress bars using tqdm
- Implement checkpointing